Defense weapon



Dec. 16, 1947. J, (3555s 2,432,791

DEFENSE WEAPON Filed De. 12, 1945 v:a sheets-sheet 2 w fr m. u .m

By f f WWW ms Patented Dec. 16, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OF F IC E;

DEFENSE WEAPoN Jacobfsses, Roxbury Crossing Station, Mass.

ApplicationDecember 12, 1945, Serial :No.V 634,595A

Myv invention-relates 'to-fimprovements. in .defense'weapons of the -u-id ejectingtype.

The Aprim-aryobjectoi the .invention is to provideraxlight-weight; pocket type, `Weapon of-inexpensiveV construction andifewparts-Which is handy -to carry in a pocket and designed for -qu-ick actionfito expel,` for aconsiderable distance, a liquid -for `defense-'pu-IYposes:and also for marking an assailant; orthief, .forsubsequent identiiication as such.

-Otl'ler and subordinate obiects,a'lso, comprehended by my invention; ,togetherv withthe precise nature of my iin-1.1111evements,` and theI manifold advantages of the san-iegwillbecome lreadily apparent' when. the succeeding description and claims are read .with reference :sto: the A'o'l-rawings accompany-ingl andr forming; part Aoi this :specification.

Inssaiddrawings:

Figurefl is a -view in longitudinalsectionrofmy improveddefensei Wea-pon; infaf. preferred embodment thereof, witlr-therpartsshown in position for ring the weapon;

Figure 2 4is a iragmentaryi similar -view drawn to an enlarged-scale,

Figure` 3 isfa' vieWfinf :transversecsection taken :ontthe'rline 3-31of Figure '2,

Figure 4f is a similar; View,y taken-onthe'. line lV-4 of 'Figure i2,

Eigureizisiaview similar to Figure' 1 drawn to an' enlarged scaie-with Vthe :parts shown in the positions assumedtherebyafter the weapon has 'been fired-,a

Figurer lis 'a-:vievw` in transverse "section'taken onr the' line GHS of Figurezi Eigurez'? a- Vievwsimilar to-Figfurefsl of a modi-- fied embodiment of my improved Weapon,

Figure` 8` is` VauView/infV transverse section "taken on the liner 8f-8rofFigure tl,

Figure- 9"is a similarview taken-on the-line .QQ-920i' Figure-1*?, and

Figure' `10 is-"anethei" similar viewvta'ken on the line H12-Hl of t Figure 7.

Describing my 'iirventioninz detail,` `with refer*- enceA tof'th'ef dramvingsby,numerada and referring first` to Figuresl tof; 6*," improvedv defense weapon .asshownk comprises a4 substantially cylindrical barrel :.I of :anysuitable length and di"- :ameter having'fa I-front end "closurevcap' '2 threadedtnereon asffat 3; and: formed 'with a tapering frontendel! havingfanf axial l. threaded bore therein 1 substantially smaller L than the internal diameter of: tl'rew cylinderfl; The bore,` 5f-has thread'edtherein"aareducedfshank 6i oia nozzle member?! proifidedmitllan axialrboreaB-.extend- 24, ing through the shank 6 and 'havinggaii enlarged front end 9'v adapted to be packedwith a soft Wax plug lionpreventing, leakage Vo'f lid-uid out of the: barrel I at thefront end thereof While the Weapon is bein.; carried inra pocket, or the like, the plug- Ibeing designed. for ejection out of the nozzle member 'l when the Weapon is flred, in a mannerv .presently described.- A suitable gasket l I is interposed betvveensthe closure capiiVV and the front end ofthe cylinderl, vandanother sucngasket IZbetWeenI-,he nozzlev member and said closure cap.v The-innerend -of the shank 6 of the nozzle, memberI'Ilis. suitably cross grooved and recessed, as representedrat I3,.to obviate clogging ofthe bores, at the` inner end thereof, by solids inthe lquidtobe containedin-the barrel I fonejectonout'oisaidbore and nozzle member 1. A seoondclosurecap. I4 ris threaded,

as at I5,v part wayon-to the rear end oi .the Abarrel I. The-,closure cap I4 is provided with` an intermediate, circumferen-tialinternal. shoulder, as at I6, adapted Yto abuttthe rearendof-thebarrel I and therebyspaceztlierear end ofsaidcap I6 from said rear end of. the. Vbarrel.tdprovide a reduced cham-ber: I1 yin said cap at the rearend of said barrel.. An axial bore I8-is provided. in the rear end oi sadscapw I4- for,a, purposepresently seen.

A hollowl cylindrical plunger I 9` is. fitted Iin `the barrel I for endwise vslid-ingmovement therein. The frontend -Z voff the plunger I9-is closed. with the exception of an axial .through bore 2 I therein for a blowoutplug 22 serving a, -purposepresently clear. The plunger, I9ris. designedito-passfgas therethroughand. forthat purpose-'ris provided adjacent to its frontend -With a-pair Oidiametrically opposite discharg-eports therein.` Suitable soft metal 'sealing rings I2|1ancl` grease packing rings25 are countersunk.in the front-,portion ovf'th-eplunger I9? also aV greasepackingfring 25 in the rear' end oisaidfplunger I9.4 Longitudinal, internal,v gasa conducting Agroeves-21 extend from' the rear end' oftheplunger I-9-to the ports 23. Under conditions; presentlydescribed, the ports 23 are designed-fto register with aninternal annular gas escape groove 28'in.the front end portion of the barrel" I: andwlfiicnopens..- into longitudinally extend-ing gas'Y escape grooves: 29 in said endwportion leading-to thefront endfof said barrel. TheV fron-t end12ofthe-plungerIS is suitably recessed. iniitsfrontiaceras at 39 to provide for the@ escape of-A gas,v out ofV the grooves 29 to the boref ofthe nozzle member The reason for providing@thee-recesses llfvvill Vbe presently renderedcleari Thesplunger I Sliedesigned to be releasably retained in a retracted position in the rear end portion of the barrel I and by means of a split resilient ring 3| accommodated in the circumferential groove 32 in the rear end portion of said plunger and normally exp-anded into an internal circumferential groove 33 in the rear end portion of the barrel I. The groove 33 tapers transversely toward the front end of the barrel I to cam said ring into the groove 32 upon slight movement of the plunger I9 forwardly and thereby release said plunger,

Suitably fixed in the rear end of the chamber I1 is an annular percussion detonator 34 which may be of any suitable type adapted under percussion to ignite a fuse 35 and explode a substance 36 therein generating gas when exploded. The detonator 34, while xed in the chamber I1, is adapted to be replaced as will be clear.

A percussion sleeve 31 is provided for exploding the detonator 34 and which is adapted to slidably fit in the rear end portion of the plunger I9 for projection rearwardly out of said plunger against the detonator 34 by means of a coil spring 38 interposed in the plunger I9 between the percussion sleeve and the front end 29 of said plunger.

Means are provided for releasably retaining the percussion sleeve 31 in a forwardly retracted, cocked position in the rear end of the plunger I9, when said plunger is retracted, and whereby the coil spring 38 is compressed to tension said sleeve for projection and release. The aforesaid means comprises a tubular detent member 39 having a rear end suitably xed in the bore I8 of the cap I4, and which extends forwardly in said cap I4 through the detonator 34 and is adapted to extend into the rear end of the plunger I9 with its front end extended part way into the percussion sleeve 31. The percussion sleeve 31 is provided with an enlarged bore portion 40 forming an internal shoulder 4I in the sleeve and the detent 39 is longitudinally split, as at 42, forwardly of the detonator 34 to be expanded at its front end into the bore portion 49 so as to engage the shoulder 4I and thereby prevent the percussion sleeve 31 from being projected. As will be understood, the detent 39 is formed of resilient material so that it will react out of expanded position throughout the split portion thereof. A rod-like expander member 43 with an enlarged front end head 44 is slidably mounted in the rear end of the detent member 39 for endwlse movement in said member 39 forwardly and rearwardly, respectively, to move said head out of and into the front end of the detent member. The head 44 is adapted, when moved into said end of the detent member 39, to expand said member in the manner described and for movement out of said end of the detent member 39 to permit said member to contract. At this point, it may be explained, that when the detent member 39 contracts, the front thereof becomes disengaged from the shoulder 4I so that said percussion sleeve 31 is freed to slide rearwardly along said member 39. Preferably, for moving the expander member 43 forwardly and rearwardly, an endwise manipulative resilient bar is provided to extend alongside the barrel I and cap I4. The bar 45 is provided with a right angled rear end 46 suitably fitted over a reduced rear end stud 41 on the expander member 43 and retained on said stud by means of a set collar 48 provided on the stud. The bar 45 is adapted to be moved rearwardly to correspondingly move the expander member 43 and enter the head 44 in the front end of the detent 39 and such movement of said bar and expander member 43 is limited by frictional engagement of said head 44 with the inner surface of said detent 39.

In the rearward limit of movement of said bar 45, the front end thereof is adapted to be releasably retained behind the rear end of the closure cap 2 so as to block forward movement of said bar 45 until the same is released. For retaining the front end of said bar 45 behind the rear end of the closure cap 2, a ring assembly is provided comprising a pair of side-by-side rings 49, 50 riveted together as at 5I, and suitably xed on the barrel I adjacent to the closure cap 2, and a third ring 52 rotatably mounted in a groove 53 formed by the rings 49, 59, conjointly. The rings 49, 5i.) are provided with a pair of edge notches 54 which are aligned and through which the front end portion of the bar 45 extends. The ring 52 is provided with an edge notch 55 adapted to be rotated in registration with the notches 54. When the ring 52 is rotated to move the notch 55 out of registration relative to the notches 54, said ring 52 retains the front end portion of the bar 45 at the bottom of the notches 54 and behind the rear end of the closure cap 4. By rotation of the ring 52 to register the notch 55 with the notches 54, as by the nger of a hand grasping the barrel I, the front end portion of said rod 45 will be permitted to ex into the notch 55 and into released position as will be clear. A thumb grip member 5S is provided on the bar 45 in the rear of the described ring assembly and for use in manipulating said bar,

Referring now to the use and operation of the described embodiment of my invention. When the plunger I9 is releasably locked, or retained, in its described retracted position', and the percussion sleeve 31 is cocked in the manner already described, the plunger I9 together with the closure cap 2 and the portion of the barrel I in front of said plunger, form a closed and sealed chamber 51 for containing a liquid to be discharged by the weapon. In this connection, my invention comprehends the use in the chamber 51 of a suitable liquid, not shown, having a strong odor such as would deter an assailant from coming into close contact with a person using the weapon of my invention, and also adapted to leave a substantially permanent stain on the clothing or flesh of anyone upon whom the liquid may be discharged by the weapon. With the chamber 51 loaded with such a liquid, the weapon is fired as follows. The ring 52 is rotated to release the front end of the bar 45, in the manner already described, the barrel I being held in one hand and said ring rotated with manipulation of a nger of the hand. The bar 45 may then be shoved forwardly by means of the thumb piece 53 to move the expander member forwardly so that the head 44 is moved out of the front end of the detent member 39 to permit the detent member t0 contract so that the percussion sleeve 31 may move rearwardly over said detent member. As soon as the percussion sleeve 31 is thus released, or unlocked, the coil spring 38 acts to reject said sleeve out of the rear end of the plunger I9 and into the detonator 34 to impact the fuse 35 by pressing the same against the rear end of the cap I4, thereby igniting the fuse to cause the detonator 34 to explode. As soon as the detonator 34 explodes, the gases resulting from such explosion, and because of expansion thereof, drive the plunger I9 forwardly by expansion in the plunger. Forward movement of the plunger I9 ejects the encarga liquid fout ofthe chamber 51 #by-way' ofthe noz'- 'zl member 1, theejecting -1iquid forcingfthe plug I- out lof l"said 'member The plunger I`91'is1lir'ni-ted in -its 'forward movement'b'yengagement Y' of "the fronti face off the front-` end 2911 with the @gasket I i; therebyV spacing said Vface from the fronti end 'of'ithe closure' cap 54. A's the plunger IS-lreac'he's itsv limit of forward movement, the ports 23fregis ter with the gas escape groove V28 and the-burnt gas discharges from-the barrel I, `and plunger- `I 9 byfwayA of said ports 23, the grooves 2B and.29', the space between the frontend L29 of theplunger and 'the' end 'lof the closure' cap 145 and 'outofthe bore 8,sucl1' gases reachingV thedescribedspace by way of the-recesses 39.- The igas. conducting grooves 21 Yprovidefor the gas enteringthe plunger 'I 9faround the 'percussion sleeve 31.

To reload after ring, the end 4S of the bar 45 is detached 5from 'the stud- `4I, after removing the set collar'48, the bar 45- beingpulledrearwardly to detach said end thereof.V The Icap di' may then be detached from the barrel I together with the detentf memberil and the expander member 43, and the percussion sleeve S'Ifonlsaid rdetent member. A new detonator 34 may'fthen bev positioned in the chamber' Il, the percussion sleeve slid along the detent member 39- until the' shoulder il is in front of the fronterd of said detentmember 39 afterwhich the expander member 43 'may be moved rearwardly of 'the cap M1 toexpand said detent member into. the enlarged bore portion lil and behind said sh'oulder lll. The cap; I@ mayA then bereplaced, together with the parts carried. thereby, and the rear end d6 of the bar 45 reattached to the stud 4l. The' ring 53imay then be rotatedto retain the` front end portion ofthe bar against the rearend of the closure cap 4 in the manner already del scribed. .With the closure cap 4 detached, the plunger I9 may be shoved rearwardly into cocked position, in opposition to the spring 38, and by any suitable instrument. The chamber 5'I may then be refilled with liquid and the closure cap 4 replaced. The blowout plug 'I is a safety provision to prevent the weapon from being shattered in case the plunger I9 should freeze to the barrel I for any unforeseen reason.

In the modied embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 7 to 10, the plunger 5l is projected forwardly in the barrel 58 by a compression spring 59 fitted in said plunger and interposed between the front end of the same and the rear end of the rear cap 65. The barrel 58 is provided with an enlarged reinforced intermediate portion 5I through which a stud 62 extends 55 into a longitudinal groove 63 in the plunger 51 to prevent the plunger from turning in the barrel 58.

A ring assembly of two side-by-side rings 63, 54 and a third assembly manipulating ring B5 clamped between the rings 63, 64 is slidably mounted on the barrel 58 adjacent to the front closure cap 66 against which said ring assembly is slidable as shown by dotted lines in Figure '7.

The plunger 5'! is adapted to be retained in retracted position, in opposition to the spring 59, by means of a pin 5l' extended radially through the portion 6I into a, radial aperture 68 in the plunger. The pin 6i is suitably secured at one end in the rear end of a plunger releasing arm 70 S9 suitably mounted on a stud lll to extend alongside the barrel 58 and be rocked about said stud 'i' so as to withdraw the pin 6l out of the aperture 68 and thereby release the plunger 51 for projection forwardly in the barrel 53 by the '6 spring'Y 59E# The described Vring assembly'r, .64, 65`may-lb`e^s`flid if rearwardly along the barrel 58 'tof position-the ring 64- under thezfrontendjof said xlever iiifthus'blockinggswinging of said lever B a-'direction to cause release of the plunger '552' 'Ihestudr l isthreaded into the .portion .6i andextendedethrough the lever 69' so thatth'e rear end portion -of said lever abuts the portion when the pin'ifi is entered in the aperture-63 l0 andsaid `lever is-thereby prevented frombeing swung away from the barrel 58 yinto a `position such' that'theentire ring assembly 63, 54, 65 may be movedun'der said lever. A ring assembly latQhingfleaf spring-Ii is xed at one end thereo t,

sidefthe barrel 58 forward-ly of said portion. The leafspringf'll :is provided with a hooked. front lendflifladapted-tosnap into. an internal 'groove iinfthe'ring Swhenthe ring assembly 63,k 64,

20 Iiois-rnoved into -a position such that the ring k541 isunder the 'front end of the lever 69.

In operating vthe described modified: embodiment o-fmy invention, the lleaf spring is .rst exedftoward the'ibarrel 59 to releasethe ring g5 assemblyffBi B4; 65 in a manner which will be clear; ASaid assembly is then shoved. forwardly to displace the' ring 64V from under the front end ofsaid lever`69 and-thereby free said lever for operation'.` The lever 69 is then swung toward '30 the barrel 58,` on the stud lil, withdrawing the pinf'i from the aperture 68 and thus releasing the plunger 51 for operation by the spring 59.

The modifiedembodiment of the inventionV is designed to be used in the same manner as the 3'5 i'rstfdescribed embodiment and to eject the same kind of liquid, not shown.

The foregoing, it is believed', will suflice to impart' a clear understanding of my invention without further explanation.

Manifestly, the invention, as described, is susceptible of modication without departing from the inventive concept, and right is herein reserved to modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims. What I claim is:

1. In a weapon for ejecting liquid, a barrel, a front end nozzle in the barrel, a plunger in said barrel adapted to be slid rearwardly therein into 'a retracted position to provide a liquid containing 50 chamber in the barrel in front of said plunger,

means to project said plunger forwardly comprising a percussion detonator cap in said barrel in the rear of said plunger, said detonator cap adapted to be ignited by impact, and means for impacting said cap movably out of said plunger rearwardly in said barrel.

2. In a weapon for ejecting liquid, a barrel, a front end nozzle in the barrel, a plunger in said barrel adapted to be slid rearwardly therein into a retracted position to provide a liquid containing chamber in the barrel in front of said plunger, means to project said plunger forwardly comprising a percussion detonator cap in said barrel in the rear of said plunger, said detonator cap 05 adapted to be ignited by impact, and means for impacting said cap comprising a spring tensioned percussion sleeve slidable in said plunger, and detent devices for releasably holding said sleeve stationary in opposition to said spring.

3. In a weapon for ejecting liquid, a barrel, a front end nozzle in the barrel, a plunger in said barrel adapted to be slid rearwardly therein into a retracted position to provide a liquid containing chamber in the barrel in front of said plunger, 5 means to project said plunger forwardly compris- 7 ing a percussion detonator cap in said barrel in the rear of said plunger, said detonator cap adapted to be ignited by impact, and means for impacting said cap comprising a spring tensioned percussion sleeve slidable in said plunger, an

expansible detent member for holding said sleeve stationary in opposition to said spring, an expander member for said detent member movable into and from expanding position in said detent member, and manipulative means for moving the expander member.

4. In a weapon for ejecting liquid, a barrel, a front end nozzle in the barrel, a plunger in said barrel adapted to be slid rearwardly therein into a retracted position to provide a liquid containing chamber in the barrel in front of said plunger, means to project said plunger forwardly comprising a percussion detonator cap in said barrel in the rear of said plunger, said detonator cap adapted to be ignited by impact, and means for impacting said cap comprising a spring tensioned percussion sleeve slidable in said plunger, an expansible detent member for holding said sleeve stationary in opposition to said spring, an expander member for said detent member movable into and from expanding position in said detent member, and manipulative means for moving the expander member comprising a bar extending alongside said barrel and connected to said eX- pander, said bar being endwise movable in one direction to move the expander member from expanding position. l

5. In a weapon for ejecting liquid, a barrel, a front end nozzle in the barrel, a plunger in said barrel adapted to be slid rearwardly therein into a retracted position to provide a liquid containing chamber in the barrel in front of said plunger, means to project said plunger forwardly comprising a percussion detonator cap in said barrel in the rear of said plunger, said detonator cap adapted to be ignited by impact, and means for impacting said cap comprising a spring tensioned percussion sleeve slidable in said plunger, an expansible detent member for holding said sleeve stationary in opposition to said spring, an expander member for said detent member movable into and from expanding position in said detent member, manipulative means for moving the expander member comprising a bar extending alongside said barrel and connected to said expander, said bar being endwise movable in one direction to move the expander member from expanding position, and means to releasably restrain said bar against such movement.

JACOB O'SSES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

